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Miklós Zrínyi or Nikola Zrinski (Hungarian: ''Zrínyi Miklós'', Croatian: ''Nikola Zrinski''; 5 January 1620 – 18 November 1664) was a Croatian and Hungarian military leader, statesman and poet. He was a member of the House of Zrinski (or Zrínyi), a Croatian-Hungarian〔 Piotr Stefan Wandycz: ''The Price of Freedom: A History of East Central Europe from the Middle Ages to the Present'', 2nd edition, Routledge, London, 1992 ()〕〔 Dominic Baker-Smith, A. J. Hoenselaars, Arthur F. Kinney: ''Challenging Humanism: Essays in Honor of Dominic Baker-Smith'', Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp., 2010 ()〕〔 Marcel Cornis-Pope, John Neubauer (editors): ''History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe'', Volume 1, John-Benjamin Publishing Company, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 2004 ()〕 noble family. He is the author of the first epic poem in Hungarian literature.〔(Encyclopaedia Britannica Online: Miklós Zrínyi )〕 ==Biography== Miklós was born in Čakovec (Hungarian: Csáktornya), Kingdom of Hungary to the Croatian Juraj V Zrinski and the Hungarian Magdolna (Magdalena) Széchy. At the court of Péter Pázmány, he was an enthusiastic student of Hungarian language and literature, although he prioritized military training. From 1635 to 1637, he accompanied Szenkviczy, one of the canons of Esztergom, on a long educative tour through the Italian Peninsula. Over the next few years, he learned the art of war in defending the Croatian frontier against the Ottoman Empire, and proved himself one of the most important commanders of the age. In 1645, during the closing stages of the Thirty Years' War, he acted against the Swedish troops in Moravia, equipping an army corps at his own expense. At Szkalec he scattered a Swedish division and took 2,000 prisoners. At Eger he saved the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand III, who had been surprised at night in his camp by the offensive of Carl Gustaf Wrangel. Although not enthusiastic for having to fight against Hungarians of Transylvania, subsequently he routed the army of George I Rákóczi, prince of Transylvania, on the Upper Tisza. For his services, the emperor appointed him captain of Croatia. On his return from the war he married the wealthy Eusebia Drašković. In 1646 he distinguished himself in the actions against Ottomans. At the coronation of Ferdinand IV of Austria, King of the Germans, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, he carried the sword of state, and was made ban and captain-general of Croatia. In this double capacity he presided over many Croatian diets, becoming noted for his efforts to defend the political rights of the Croats and insisting that, as regarded Hungary, they were to be looked upon not as ''partes annexae'' but as a ''regnum''. During 1652–1653, Zrínyi was continually fighting against the Ottomans — nevertheless, from his castle at Čakovec he was in constant communication with the intellectual figures of his time; the Dutch scholar, Jacobus Tollius, even visited him, and has left in his ''Epistolae itinerariae'' a lively account of his experiences. Tollius was amazed at the linguistic resources of Zrínyi, who spoke Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, German, Ottoman Turkish and Latin with equal ease. Zrínyi's Latin letters (from which it was gathered that he was married a second time, to Sophia Löbl) are, according to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition'' of 1911, "fluent and agreeable, but largely interspersed with Croatian and Magyar expressions". In 1655, he made an attempt to be elected Palatine of Hungary (''nádor''); in spite of support by the petty nobility, his efforts were frustrated by failure as the king, because of Zrínyi's good connections to Protestants and the Hungarians of Transylvania, nominated Ferenc Wesselényi instead.〔(Zrínyi Miklós, gróf ), Magyar életrajzi lexikon〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Miklós Zrínyi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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